滇西重力场动态趋势变化与断层运动     

谈洪波  申重阳  郝洪涛  玄松柏  杨光亮  汪健 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(6):43-48

以绝对重力做控制,对滇西网1985—2010年流动重力资料进行统一平差处理,平均点值精度为12×10 ^-8 ms^-2 /a;单点重力时变曲线主要呈现出季节性的上下波动和长期性的上升或下降趋势运动,部分点重力动态变化与丽江7.0级地震孕育过程相吻合;基于长期观测的重力场年变化率反映了重力场在一段时期内的趋势性变化：1985—1995年和1996—2003年年变化率图像可能反映丽江7.0级地震前后能量的累积、释放和调整,2003年以后剑川断裂、鹤庆 洱源断裂和红河断裂北段附近重力值上升速度均超过10×10 ^-8 ms^-2/a;基于初始断裂运动模型正演模拟的滇西重力场年变化率图像与实测图像非常相似,说明断裂运动对重力场趋势性变化有重要贡献;基于长期观测的重力场年变化率反演的滇西主要活动断裂年错动量与地质上给出的结果相仿,基本上反映了各断裂的活动性质。  相似文献   

黔中开阳地区震旦纪陡山沱期富磷矿沉积特征与成矿模式^*   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

张亚冠  杜远生  陈国勇  刘建中  王泽鹏  徐圆圆  谭代卫  李磊  王大福  吴文明 《古地理学报》2016,18(4):581-594

黔中开阳地区在震旦纪陡山沱期全球成磷事件的大背景下,发育了厚度较大的富磷矿层。通过岩石薄片观察、地层对比与划分及沉积相分析等手段,探讨黔中开阳地区震旦纪陡山沱期磷矿床沉积特征与成矿模式。结果表明:(1)开阳地区陡山沱期处于黔中古陆北缘的磷质海岸环境,磷矿层中分布最广泛、品位最高的矿石类型为砂屑磷块岩,为富磷沉积物在沉积、成岩过程中遭受多期次冲刷破碎、暴露淋滤及堆积胶结的产物。(2)开阳地区古地理环境和动荡的海水条件控制了磷矿的沉积和高品位矿石的分布,洋水、永温等地在震旦纪陡山沱期所处的海水深度适中的临滨带为成矿优势地带,而水体过浅的前滨带和过深的远滨带均不利于磷质的聚集和成矿。(3)开阳地区动态磷矿床成矿模式表明,陡山沱期海平面的频繁进退使临滨带已沉积的磷块岩遭受多期次的冲蚀、暴露、淋滤、胶结及磷质再沉积作用;通过物理分选作用和风化淋滤作用最终使磷质聚集,是研究区富磷矿形成的主要原因。  相似文献   

Effect of succession gaps on the understory water‐holding capacity in an over‐mature alpine forest at the upper reaches of the Yangtze River          下载免费PDF全文

Bin Wang  Fuzhong Wu  Sa Xiao  Wanqin Yang  Meta Francis Justine  Jiayi He  Bo Tan 《水文研究》2016,30(5):692-703

The water‐holding capacity (WHC) of the understory in the headwater regions of major rivers plays an important role in both the capacity of the forest water reservoir and water quality and quantity in the butted rivers. Although forest gaps could regulate water‐holding patterns in the understory by redistributing coarse woody debris (CWD), fine woody debris (FWD), non‐woody debris (NWD) and understory vegetation, little information is available on the effects of forest gaps on understory WHC. Therefore, we investigated the WHCs of CWD, FWD, NWD, herbaceous vegetation, mosses, epiphytes (including fern and lichen growing on the surface of logs) and soils from the gap centre to the adjacent closed canopy in an alpine forest at the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The total WHC of the alpine forest understory components was approximately 300 mm. Soil layer had the largest contribution to the total understory WHC (90%), and among the aboveground components, CWD and mosses contributed 5% and 4% to the aboveground WHC, respectively. With the exception of that of the herbaceous layer, the WHC of the forest floor increased from the gap centre to the closed canopy. Although mosses had the lowest biomass allocation on the alpine forest floor, the water‐holding ratio (k) of mosses reached 485%. In conclusion, biomass is the parameter that most strongly and positively correlated with the WHC of the alpine forest understory, and forest gap formation decreases the understory WHC of alpine forest resulting from a decrease in organic soils, CWDs and mosses. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Highlights

• The effects of gaps on the understory WHC were examined in an alpine forest.
• Gaps decreased the understory WHC by decreasing the amounts of the larger WHC components.
• The contribution of CWD and mosses to the aboveground WHC was large.
• The WHC of dead debris was higher than that of the vegetation.

  相似文献   

呼图壁地下储气库地表盖层变形的GPS研究     

王迪晋  李瑜  聂兆生  王坦  乔学军  李杰  余鹏飞  程瑞忠 《中国地震研究》2016,30(3):439-450

利用新疆呼图壁地下储气库地表盖层由13个点位组成的形变监测网的前5期GPS观测资料,研究地下储气库注采过程中地表盖层的变形响应。通过获取地下储气库运行过程中地表盖层形变的三维时间序列,并结合井口压力数据,区分地下储气库在不同过程中的变形信号。研究结果表明,地表盖层在储气库注采过程中水平方向上存在明显的“呼吸效应”,储气库每MPa气井压力变化在注、采周期内对地表变形造成的影响在水平方向上分别达到1.02、1.24mm,垂直方向分别达到-1.11、0.86mm。  相似文献   

初始震源深度对双差地震定位深度的影响分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

闫俊岗  王利兵  谭青 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,(Z1):41-44

利用随机生成的理论地震走时数据,取2、5、10、15 km作初始深度,对用双差定位法给出的定位深度结果进行分析。通过模拟计算,认为初始深度误差对双差定位法的空间位置影响较小,但对深度结果有一定影响。  相似文献   

绝对重力控制下的山西地震带2009—2012重力场动态变化     

冯建林  孙少安  秦建增  檀玉娟  黄帮武  李德庆 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,(Z1):49-52

通过对山西地震带区域重力测网2009—2012年的绝对与相对重力资料的联合平差,获得了以太原绝对重力点为基准的区域重力场动态变化图像,并分析了太原绝对重力点起算值的选取问题。  相似文献   

Characterization of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) FoxD5 and its function in regulating myogenic regulatory factor     

谭训刚  张玉青  孙威  张培军  徐永立 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(2):286-294

  相似文献   

Crustal velocity structure off SW Taiwan in the northernmost South China Sea imaged from TAIGER OBS and MCS data     

Jia-Ming Deng  Tan K. Wang  Ben Jhong Yang  Chao-Shing Lee  Char-Shine Liu  Song-Chuen Chen 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2012,33(4):327-349

During TAiwan Integrated GEodynamics Research of 2009, we investigated data from thirty-seven ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS) and three multi-channel seismic (MCS) profiles across the deformation front in the northernmost South China Sea (SCS) off SW Taiwan. Initial velocity-interface models were built from horizon velocity analysis and pre-stack depth migration of MCS data. Subsequently, we used refracted, head-wave and reflected arrivals from OBS data to forward model and then invert the velocity-interface structures layer-by-layer. Based on OBS velocity models west of the deformation front, possible Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, revealed by large variation of the lateral velocity (3.1–4.8 km/s) and the thickness (5.0–10.0 km), below the rift-onset unconformity and above the continental crust extended southward to the NW limit of the continent–ocean boundary (COB). The interpreted Mesozoic sedimentary rocks NW of the COB and the oceanic layer 2 SE of the COB imaged from OBS and gravity data were incorporated into the overriding wedge below the deformation front because the transitional crust subducted beneath the overriding wedge of the southern Taiwan. East of the deformation front, the thickness of the overriding wedge (1.7–5.0 km/s) from the sea floor to the décollement decreases toward the WSW direction from 20.0 km off SW Taiwan to 8.0 km at the deformation front. In particular, near a turn in the orientation of the deformation front, the crustal thickness (7.0–12.0 km) is abruptly thinner and the free-air (?20 to 10 mGal) and Bouguer (30–50 mGal) gravity anomalies are relatively low due to plate warping from an ongoing transition from subduction to collision. West of the deformation front, intra-crustal interfaces dipping landward were observed owing to subduction of the extended continent toward the deformation front. However, the intra-crustal interface near the turn in the orientation of the deformation front dipping seaward caused by the transition from subduction to collision. SE of the COB, the oceanic crust, with a crustal thickness of about 10.0–17.0 km, was thickened due to late magmatic underplating or partially serpentinized mantle after SCS seafloor spreading. The thick oceanic crust may have subducted beneath the overriding wedge observed from the low anomalies of the free-air (?50 to ?20 mGal) and Bouguer (40–80 mGal) gravities across the deformation front.  相似文献   

2011年10月16日新疆精河县5.0级地震震害特征及原因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈建波  谭明  吴国栋  胡伟华  孙甲宁  张振斌 《震灾防御技术》2012,7(2):164-172

2011年10月16日新疆精河县5.0级地震震中位于博尔塔拉蒙古自治州精河县托里乡境内,极震区震中烈度为Ⅵ度.震害调查显示,灾区房屋主要以老旧的土坯房为主,地震使本身老旧的房屋裂缝加宽,破坏加重.其次,灾区房屋震害还具有明显的南北差异特性,场地条件差异是造成距离震中较远的部分房屋破坏较重的主要原因之一.  相似文献   

地震应急卫星通信系统的设计与应用.   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1  

杨乐  曾薇  谭颖 《震灾防御技术》2012,7(1):100-109

地震应急通信是地震应急救援工作的基础和关键的组成部分.本文从地震应急卫星通信网络的组成及规模、站点配置、组网方式、工作模式、工作模式切换、通信方式、卫星信道规划、业务应用等方面,简要介绍了中国地震局“十五”期间建设并投入运行的地震应急卫星通信系统的设计以及在地震应急工作中的应用.  相似文献